That Fateful Day

That Fateful Day I remember that day, long ago from my childhood. It was warm the night before, nearly 80 degrees, so I had left my window open. The morning winds where rushing through my school work on the desk. Black and white squiggles on seven pieces of paper, every one of them part of an accumulation of the last two weeks of homework. I needed them to get any kind of decent grade in my first weeks of the fourth grade. â€Å"It’s Tuesday today dad. † I said tentatively to my father. He just stood there in the living room, not really looking at the television. I know† he said in reply without any hesitation. â€Å"Aren’t you usually at work on Tuesdays? † For nearly a minute he just stood there, not saying a word. â€Å"Yes† he said, â€Å"I usually am at work on Tuesdays. But today is different. † Not knowing what he meant I said to him, â€Å"how? † I can’t remember much between that moment of me asking how, and him f inally stopping to try for an explanation. After what seemed an eternity, he finally un-muted the television. There in the center of the screen where two skyscrapers, one of them was burning and had smoke coming off of it.There was no one talking on the news, but they were replaying a clip of the tower before it was smoking. The exact moment when the plane hit the building, I knew what was happening. â€Å"Dad, do I still have to go to school today? † I asked in as solemnly as I could. â€Å"Yes, you still have to go to school. † The moment after my father said this the news woman began to talk again. On the screen there was an explosion of smoke and fire from the second building. I stopped hearing what the reporter said and just stared at the screen. I never thought that I would ever see anything like that in my life.This was the kind of stuff that happened in the movies, not in real life. â€Å"It’s 7:35† I remember someone saying, â€Å"the bus is lat e. † â€Å"No shit† my sister said. We were all waiting for the bus. My sister was in tenth grade, and she had a serious attitude. Normally she dressed in very tight, very revealing clothing. But not today. â€Å"I bet the bus never even comes† she said. One kid instantly said, â€Å"I hope so. † He didn’t know what happened, his family didn’t have cable. He thought everyone was being quite because we didn’t want to go to school just like him. If the bus doesn’t come by 7:45 I’m going home. † I remember all the other kids looking at him like he was the biggest idiot in the world. Some of them even had blank expressions on their face like they couldn’t understand what he was saying. Then it hit me, I remembered he didn’t get to watch the news in the morning. It took me 5 minutes before I started to talk. My throat was sore and felt like it weighed a hundred pounds. I didn’t know what to say, I ne ver did in the first place. I was only nine years old, and felt like I had lived far beyond my own self. I didn’t think the same as I use to.I didn’t want to play any games with the other kids while we waited for the bus. All I wanted was to sit and think. I wanted to think about all those people who were never going to be able to play their Nintendo’s again. About all of the people who would be crying because they lost their son, or their dad. It took all of 30 seconds to tell him what happened. The entire time everyone was looking at me wondering how I was able to talk about it at all especially the older kids. I was dreading the day already. I didn’t want to do any schoolwork while I knew that there were people dying somewhere far away.I didn’t want to go to recess like I usually do and slide down the big kid slide. I wanted to spend the day staring at the television screen just like my mom and dad were going to. I remember when the sun finally came up over the hill. The light was just right that morning. It was spilling through the oak trees onto the road, showing the hundreds of pin drops that were light on the black ground. The trees where flowing back and forth just right, making the sound that I loved so much the swish swish of leaves brushing against each other. If it were any other day I might have skipped school just to sit and read under the trees.But it wasn’t, so I didn’t. I got on the bus when it finally came just like I always should have on these nice days. We were finally at school. The teacher, not knowing what to do, turned on the television to the news. It was the same couple of minutes from the morning playing over and over. The towers had already fallen at this point, so there really wasn’t anything new to show. There was a staff meeting about an hour after school started. All of the students were sent out for recess. I was among the only students who didn’t go and play.I wal ked out of the school onto the playing field and just stood there staring at the grain elevator in the distance. From the perspective of the school the grain elevator looked almost exactly like one of the towers in the news. It was big and new, having been finished only 2 months before. It was tall and silvery, with little lines running up and down the entirety of the building. There were no windows all the way up until you got to the very top. There on top, was a huge window. It seemed to be bigger than my house way up there, but in reality it was only the size of a car, albeit a rather large car.Riiiiiiiiiiiiiiing. Recess was over. It was time to go in. All of the teachers were standing at attention near their perspective lines, waiting for something to happen. The students where chattering away like usual, waiting for the line to start moving. The principal was also outside, which was really weird. He never left his office. Mostly because he was busy, but also because he was some what afraid of talking to people. â€Å"Today, something terrible happened† the principal started. â€Å"Today, we witnessed something that none of us will ever forget. I stared straight into his eyes. They were dark brown, much like a rich wet soil after it rained. His eyes were watering, and had red lines throughout them. â€Å"I am sorry to inform you all that school today will be cut short. You will all be going home in 20 minutes. Those of you who are not able to go home will stay here at the school until the time that school regularly lets out. † The principal began to softly weep. â€Å"I, among others, will be here at the school until the regular hour of the schools letting out. If any of you wish to stay, then you are welcome to stay.But it is not required, and there will be no school lessons today. † The rest of the day seemed to go by slower and slower. I was never going to be able to know why the things that happened did happen. But I will know that I changed that day. For a long time after that I didn’t do anything for fun. I sat around a lot reading books I didn’t want to read. Eating food that I didn’t want to eat. I will never forget that day, because that day changed my life forever. After that day I was never able to look at the world again, and I was never able to think the same way. I remember 9/11.

Minorities at War Essay

Many people’s lives changed in various ways during and after the World War II. The lives of women and minorities such as African Americans and Native Americans, changed drastically mostly in a positive way. Just like during most wars, women found jobs and opportunities. This was mainly because men and husbands went to work in industries and factories in different parts of the country while others went to war as soldiers. With reduction in the male taskforce, young girls and married women had to take up responsibilities and jobs that were traditionally considered to be for men (Mays 17). Unlike the First World War, where women served as secretaries and nurses, in the Second World War they were placed in more skilled jobs such as: research, electronics, engineering and mechanics (Mays 17). The Women’s Army Corps was created in 1942, which enabled women to participate in combat fields as pilots and other support personnel but not in direct combat. The war served as a major platform for women in society, women started being viewed as useful in various fields and not just as caregivers. The opportunity to take part in jobs that were traditionally considered for men also empowered women psychologically (Mays 17). The fight for equality for all citizens began after the civil war where President Lincoln freed the slaves. The Select Service Act was passed in 1940, allowing Hispanics, Native-Americans and African-Americans to enroll to all the branches of the army. The war offered opportunities for many African Americans to escape poverty in their rural homes (Reinhardt and Ganzel). Many blacks enlisted in the army trying to escape a long period of tenant farming and Depression in the Midwest and South. The army recruited Negroes but still practiced segregation (Reinhardt and Ganzel). In the chaos of war, especially after Pearl Harbor, the army had to work together and segregation was broken. After the war, many blacks opted to remain in towns and do work related to what they did in the army instead of going back to their rural homes (Reinhardt and Ganzel). Movements for fighting for civil rights had been created. The post-war era, was a period of exceptional struggle by the African Americans against the second class citizenship that had been accorded to them. They resisted racial discrimination and segregation through nationwide protests, boycotts, rallies and civil disobedience (Reinhardt and Ganzel). Many blacks joined civil rights movements and legal efforts were made to challenge segregation and inequality through courts. These efforts were rewarded with the passing of the Civil Rights Act in 1964 which outlawed racism and segregation. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act was also passed allowing all races to vote. The passing of these acts was a great step in the demise of second class citizenship (Reinhardt and Ganzel). The struggle by the blacks to achieve equality inspired and influenced other civil rights groups as well such as Native–Americans and Hispanics. The war as witnessed was a great turning point for both women and minorities in America. They were all empowered by the situations created by the war to improve their status in society and fight for their rights. Work Cited: Mays, Dorothy A. Women in early America: struggle, survival, and freedom in a new world. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO Inc. Publishers, 2004. Reinhardt, Claudia and Ganzel, Bill. â€Å"Civil Rights for Minorities†. Wesley Living History Farm. 26 August 2010 from: http://www. livinghistoryfarm. org/farminginthe40s/life_18. html

Finnis’s Natural Law Theory

Basically, Finn's's natural law theory are divided into three main parts, each with its own purpose and function. According to Finnis, there are first, a set of notions that â€Å"indicate the basic forms of human flourishing as goods to be pursued and realized† and that every human being should have the idea on how they should act. Secondly, Finnis further argued on the notion of â€Å"a set of basic methodological requirements of practical reasonableness †¦ Which distinguish sound from unsound practical thinking and . provide the criteria for distinguishing between [reasonable and unreasonable acts]. Thirdly, a methodological requirements that allows one to distinguish between acting morally right or morally wrong and â€Å"to formulate . .. a set of general moral standards†. 1. First Main Part of Finnis Natural Law Theory : Basic Human Goods Finn's' naturalism is both an ethical theory and a theory of law. Finnis introduced the theory of basic goods in human li fe as the first part of his natural law theory.Based on the set of notions that, â€Å"indicate the basic forms of human flourishing as goods to be pursued and realized† which according to Finnis, every reasonable person would ssent to the value of these basic goods as objects of human striving, and these basic goods are â€Å"indemonstrable but self-evident principles [that shape] our practical reasoning. â€Å"Finnis distinguishes a number of equally valuable basic goods namely, life, practical reasonableness, knowledge, play, friendship, religion, and aesthetic experience.Finnis argues that the list of basic goods is exhaustive in that â€Å"other objectives and forms of good will be found †¦ to be ways or combinations of ways of pursuing .. and realizing †¦ one of the seven basic forms of good, or some combination of hem. † His argument basically means that in order to achieved the basic good, the elements of seven basic goods must be fulfilled. A perso n is said to achieved basic goods even if he achieved either one of the basic forms or combinations of the basic forms, he don't need to pursue all of the seven basic goods at the same time.Since the human basic goods does not provide any hierarchy between the seven forms, hence, the basic goods are incommensurable. According to Finn's, none of the basic goods â€Å"can be analytically reduced to being merely an aspect of any of the others, or o being merely instrumental in the pursuit of any of the others,† and â€Å"each one, when we focus on it, can reasonably be regarded as the most important. In simple words, Finnis argues that, each of the forms of basic goods are to be distinguished from each other because each forms has intrinsic values. 1. 1 .Knowledge Stating that knowledge is good, or thinking of knowledge as a value, is not the same as saying that knowledge is a moral value. By saying knowledge is to be pursued† since it is ag and that goods are to be pursu ed†Finnis is not saying that a moral obligation has been created. Finnis's basic goods are to be thought of as intrinsically good in that all of these values should be considered good for their own sake and not for an instrumental purpose Finnis more particularly describes the good of knowledge as that of speculative knowledge, explaining that this good is the good of knowledge being â€Å"sought for its own sake. This reference to knowledge can also be articulated as truth†so that one can say that this is truth sought for its own sake in the same manner as knowledge. Here, Finnis is not describing an instrumental use of knowledge, but rather â€Å"the pure desire to know' merely out of curiosity and â€Å"an nterest in or concern for truth and a desire to avoid ignorance or error † Finn's's primary argument for the value of the knowledge, as for the value of other items on his list, is by appeal to the reader's intuition: It is obvious that those who are well-i nformed, etc. simply are better-off(other thing being equal) than someone who is muddled, deluded, and ignorant, that the state of the former is better that the state of the latter, not Just in particular case of that, but in all cases, as such, universally, and whether I like it Otr not. Knowledge is better that ignorance

Muslim Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Muslim - Annotated Bibliography Example This article explains the in-depth knowledge on the experience the Muslim youths in Canada who wants to maintain their Islamic culture face from the dominant culture. The article also shows how Muslim students are able to negotiate and maintain their religious culture within secular public schools. A 22 year old student by the name Karim from Pakistan who were educated in Canadian school explains the struggles between conformity and resistance as a process of maintaining its identity. He explains that ‘it is challenging to live in a white society trying to be accepted while at the same time struggling to practice Islam, in his experience he found out that it takes many years to build up. The article contains information on the challenges the Muslim students goes through in Canadian schools and how they are able to negotiate and maintain their culture within the secular institutions. The author of this article explains the ethno-religious oppression facing the Muslim girls studying at gender segregated Islamic schools, how the young girls reside at the nexus of dual oppression, confronting racism and Islamophobia in the society, also withstanding the patriarchal types of religious oppression in their communities. One example that supports this oppression is banning of hijab in public schools in France. The article contains the information on gendering Islamophobia, the politics of veiling, and veiling in public and Islamic schools, and their challenges. The article talks about postcolonial and transnational theories and post 9/11 disposition as frameworks for finding out the live experience of Muslim immigrants youths in US public schools, and how Muslims youths are viewed after the 9/11 attack. The 9/11 attack has had a repercussion on the lives of Muslims students in US. The attack led to islamphobia hysteria and provoked the war on terror, this has led into the formation of Islamic

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assignment - Essay Example At the end of the program, a gala was to be held, and the other competing schools-and in essence, companies-would gather for a competition to showcase what type of company they operated, how they operated and awards were up for grab for: The most profitable company. The best financially kept/managed company. Leadership award. The best overall company. Yes, visions can indeed be negative. In as far as visions are what we see as the situation in the future and this being the only drive necessitating changes towards realizing it, and in resting the job of creating the vision solely in the hands of â€Å"the leader† then certainly, visions can be negative. What is desirable is different from what is not desirable. Most firms focus on what they are to avoid rather what they aim to achieve (Senge 2006). The source of visions is primarily centered on the aims and preference of the particular individual generating it in lieu of the prevailing conditions in the operative environment. A leader that is cut off from the world can lead to development of visions that are impaired. The substance of that vision in particular can be extremely retrogressive and archaic as was the case in leaders such as Adolph Hitler. In the Company project, I was privileged to have worked on two fronts: Firstly, as a sales man and secondly as a human resource manager. It was ironic indeed, and rather vaguely clear to my fellow company members as to the excisions of my duties in both capacities. However, to me it was a chance to bring about the skills of adaptability-integrating both my outstanding leadership skills with my ability to work as part of the team (Woodcock 2007). A paradigm shift in my life occurred when I got the opportunity, shortly after the conclusion of the Company program, to form part of the team representing Kenya in an exchange program between Kenya and the Nederland. This opportunity opened my view on a lot of major aspects of my life, certainly culturally. The exch ange program introduced me to cultures of 3 European nations namely France, Belgium and the Nederland. My view of the world was immensely enriched, and the sight and first-hand experience of life in a developed society cannot be matched with any other in my life. I now understood what local policy makers meant with â€Å"development geared towards pushing the country into a developed nation†. Communication skill is certainly my strongest point. The ability to articulate thoughts, ideas and arguments in a manner that enriches discussions, induces and sustains action is by far my greatest asset. I believe strongly in the right of individuals over any matter; that one must speak up and rationally express their choice both in speech and in action. Historically, the very action of dissent has proved time and again as the driver of change. For where there is dissent, comes change; with change progress comes (Woodcock 2007). Again from a personal experience during the Company progra m, indeed both the shareholders and the executive board were against my dual role position. Claim that it would affect the performance of the team as a whole on either ends was my constant fear. Such difference in opinion and stiff resistant only served to strengthen my desire for the jobs. Clear explanations on how you plan to perform your duties, how they integrate with the overall team effort and providing a mechanism against which performance can be assessed

Essay assignment #1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment #1 - Essay Example His answer to the given question sounds unambiguously and strictly, that is â€Å"Absolutely not!† (Phillips, 2010). William D. Phillips suggests a widespread opinion that with an evolution of technical and scientific progress there are a lot of people who do not find a phenomenon of supernatural God and His world creation as a relevant explanation of the universe ordering (2010). Such ideas made God obsolete and defend the concept of logical explanation to each thing occurred in the world. On the other hand, religious people stay a strict idea that science is mistaken. To such an extend religion and science are considered to be â€Å"irreconcilable enemies† (Phillips, 2010). William D. Phillips claims that such concept is totally wrong and ridiculous. This scientist tries to persuade us that it is possible to keep in your soul and mind the idea of God and the relevance of science (Phillips, 2010). He considers himself as an example of such person. He claims that he is a physicist and he connects all his life with scientific researches and investigations (Phillips, 2010). He deals with nature and makes tries to know how the nature works (Phillips, 2010). Moreover, he delivers his knowledge to other people and trains them in science. Still, he convincingly declares that he attends church, prays and believes in faith (Phillips, 2010). He is sure in the existence of God and works with the science. According to such ideas William D. Phillips delivers two questions that he considers to be pertinent. He explains how he can believe in God and why he believes in God (Phillips, 2010). These two points seem to be relevant for William D. Phillips and his attitude to religion. The answer of the first question is easy and clear. Phillips stays the idea that believe in God does not require scientific matter and logical confirmation (Phillips, 2010). He thinks that it is necessary just to believe with

Position Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Position - Essay Example However, it was only in recent decades human started to realize that the diseases he experience is mainly due to his meat based diet. Human can digest both plant and meat based food, but human contract disease on eating meat because he is naturally an herbivorous. Just because a food is palatable does not mean that it is compatible with the body. Meat is tasty, nutritious but it s not easily digestible by human body. Today, people are victimized to so many diseases for which blame can be put on the abundant meat they consume. Animal based food products have high fat content which lead to major diseases like heart attack, cancer and obesity. It is normally observed that a person who is vegetarian is less disturbed by illnesses as his body is free of animal fat and other poisonous enzymes from animal food products. Human body and meat eating Meat eating is the natural instinct of animals and human body is not naturally designed to digest meat .If we naturally assess the affinity we hav e to the raw meat and blood of animal, we can understand the choice of our body. No human being is attracted to uncooked meat and body organs of a dead animal .We instead feel disgusted and repulsive to the sight of a dead animal with its body organs protruding out. As per (Bluejay,2002)â€Å"Our teeth, saliva, stomach acid, and intestines are most similar to other plant-eaters, and dissimilar to carnivores and true omnivores†. Moreover, the length of our intestine is bigger than that of a carnivores animal, which assist in digestion of plants based food. Human unlike animals does not possess claws nor do they sweat through tongue. It is also found out that excessive meat eating can reduce the life span of a normal human being and make him diseased at a younger age. If human are naturally designed for meat eating then he should not be harmed by this diet. It takes a long time for the human intestine to digest meat as it rots in the body and give negative effect to the body. I t increases the cholesterol level in the human body and creates heart problems and other ailment to human body. When nature has not provided us with the faculties to hunt and obtain meat then it does not make sense to claim that we are meat eaters. Animal suffering on their killing Animal suffering during their killing is a significant reason to justify the vegetarian diet as it is a non – violent form of obtaining food. When human beings are killed poisonous enzymes are released in to their body which is ingested by human on its consumption. Moreover, we are taking away the life of a living being who has been granted a right to live by the creator of this universe. No human has the right to kill another living being, which has equal right as us to live on the planet. In addition to this, the pain and struggle which an animal undergoes while their slaughter is unimaginable and unforgivable. Nowadays animals are killed in an extremely cruel manner which can horrify any meat ea ter to a great level. â€Å"But many people refuse to eat meat because of the inhumane treatment of the animals and the animal suffering that are mass-produced to feed the population†(Being Vegetarian,2008). The mass slaughtering of animals in the slaughter house is a pain afflicting sight and they are treated with utmost cruelty a before killing. Giving pain and obtaining food is not suited to human being who are naturally emotional and loving by nature. When we eat flesh of an animal we are

MPAA Censorship Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MPAA Censorship - Research Paper Example MPAA is alternate to federal regulation of motion picture content by United States government. This is because America lagged behind other countries in implementing motion picture rating. After the desertion of Production Codes in the 1950s, (Acland, 2009) movies became explicit all in the name of expressing realism. The realism movement had its significant contribution to the film industry and disadvantages. Realism movement boasts of production of great and timeless movies like Psycho directed by Alfred Hitchcock. However, it also gave arise to low-budget films that became extremely graphic in their sexual and violence content. The brutal and vicious content of movies such as Straw Dogs directed by Sam Peckinpah startled and troubled most conservative Americans. Moreover, a sequence of movies released later buried the realism movement to its grave by their obscene content. Due to this, a form of regulation had to be established, resulting to the birth of Motion Picture Association of America. In addition, National Association of Theater Owners consented to implement uniform rating system to all the movies shown. The distributors and exhibitors would enforce the system (Sklar, 2009). . The MPAA rates movies according to their content. It assists consumers especially parents to select appropriate movies for their children in different age groups. MPAA works in association with major movie production studios in America like, Warner Brothers, Paramount Pictures, Universal Studio and many others. The core functions of this rating system body includes, control and of distribution of movies, fighting unlawful copying of films and managing film ratings (Balio, 2000). Submission of movies for rating should be voluntary. Despite this, some producers prefer not to submit their films for rating to avoid incurring losses. To reinforce the submission on movies MPAA has a de facto obligatory position in the film industry. Since independent films do not focus on entertainmen t but rather on the artistic and aesthetic values of a film, they do not submit their films to the rating system. Independent filmmakers argue that their films require no distribution since they already have an existing consumer base. Hence, submission of their films to the rating system incurs unnecessary expenditure. When it comes to the rating process, MPAA does not have publication of a standard requirement of words, actions, or exposed body parts that filmmakers should incorporate in their films to get PG-13 rating (Balio, 2000). If a film contains use of drugs and callous sexually derived words, it gets a PG-13 rating. However, if the film uses such words a couple of times it gets an R rating. After rating, a film, the members submit their verdict to the producer of the film. The producer has the will to re-edit the film or appeal to the Appeals Board of the rating system if the results are not satisfactory. To avoid wrangles during the rating process movie publishers state th e desired MPAA rating with the movie producer. Some of the main rating categories MPAA uses to rate movie include- G— a film to that gets a G-rating should have mild humor. It should not have any form of crude language. There should be no nudity or sex scenes. Drug use and violence should not be present in the motion picture. PG—

HRM human resources management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HRM human resources management - Essay Example The introduction of the composite pay deal and performance bonus is the most important factor underlining BMW’s success. The performance bonus has been specifically linked to the generation of new ideas to harnass worker creativity. For instance workers are required to come up with three ideas to save 800 pounds each in order to qualify for an annual bonus of 260 pounds (Case). Vroom’s Expectancy Theory highlights the importance of rewards – including extrinsic rewards such as bonuses – in enhancing motivation of workers (Vroom, n.d). Linking increased pay and a bonus specifically geared to reward performance in terms of achieving production targets is conducive to improving employee performance. Moreover, harnassing worker creativity is also likely to provide the intrinsic rewards that help to achieve a high motivation and satisfaction quotient on the job according to Vroom’s theory. Workers will feel that they are making a useful contribution whic h helps to enhance motivation and interest on the job. The second most important feature of the HR package is the overhaul of the flexible working system. The HR practices in this aspect were such that they had to work their way around restrictive covenants and secure increased labor during peak production periods while paying salaries during off production periods. The rearrangement of the working schedule includes the following features: (a) scrapping of the contract in favor of a working time account (b) introducing a working time account (c) the facility to â€Å"bank† time during high production periods (d) overtime to be cashed later for extended holidays (Case). The system was started with every worker coming in with minus 200 hours each, however the reasons for the changes, as stated by Ernest Baumann, head of BMW’s Human resources Department is to â€Å"give associates a greater control over their time.†(O’Brien, 2002: Mar7). The flexible worker schedule and the facility to bank hours and control

Human Resource Management in Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Resource Management in Context - Essay Example The paper would therefore analyse scholars’ assertion that contemporary trend in HR considerably promotes organizational strategic interests over employees interests (Van Buran, Greenwood & Shehan, 2011). The post industrialization period saw massive changes in the work paradigm. The Ford model became important scientific approach to labour management resulting in greater mechanized production process. While Taylor had identified skills and training for specific job outcome, Fordism was distinct in its managerial control and incentive driven mass production (Rose, 1975; Benyon, 1973). The model proved to be deficient in addressing the needs and requirements of the workers and was later replaced by human relations that took cognizant of workers’ socio-psychological needs. This was vital shift in the human capital employed within production units and businesses which had identified and used human factor as important ingredient of higher work outcome (Cannel, 2004). In the post war era, the emergence of labour union gave huge impetus to employees’ rights and fair working conditions. The concern for workers led to state legislations and organizational policies vis-Ã  -vis employees work conditions, wages, recognizing their rights etc. In the late 1990s, the technology and transforming socio-economic and political dynamics necessitated reconceptualization of employees and employers’ relationship (Hattam, 1993). The rise of Margaret Thatcher in UK witnessed significant change to individualism from collectivism that introduced the term human resource management which primarily indicated more emphatic role of management in the workers’ welfare and output (Lupton & Shaw, 2001). The HRM was deemed as important facilitator between workers and employers that incorporated various human resources activities like recruitment, performance, change management,

Critique of a qualitative article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critique of a qualitative article - Essay Example Her contribution in field of research has enable her receive numerous awards such as the Eastern Nursing Research Society’s Distinguished Researcher Award, the Connecticut Nurse’ Association’s Diamond Jubilee award and many others. For the past 20 years, Cheryl main area of research has been on efforts to develop a research program on postpartum mood and anxiety disorders. Based on findings from the numerous studies she has undertaken, she has developed the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS) which has been and continues to be published by Western Psychological Services. â€Å"There is no escaping the reality for Mothers of Children with Obstetric Brachial Plexus injuries† is one of the papers written by Cheryl after extensive research on mothers experiencing care for their children with an OBPI. The site of the study was the United States of America and a total of 23 mothers of children with OBPIs were used for the study. Research on mothers expe riencing care for their children with an OBPI by Cheryl is a phenomenology research. This is because it involves small number of samples and is basically concerned with the systematic reflection on and study of the structures of conscience and the phenomena that appear in acts of consciousness. Shoulder dystocia is considered the obstetric nightmare and some likely complication of shoulder dystocia to the infant is obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI). Generally, 20% to 30% of infants with OBPI are characterized by residual functional deficits (Beck, 2004). The main objective of the study was to investigate mothers’ experiences caring for their children who have obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) (Beck, 2004). The purpose of the study is practical because Cheryl focuses on mothers who had experience caring for children suffering from obstetric brachial plexus injury. The study states that the recent countrywide study in the USA, the reported mean and standard error of OBPI incidence was 1.51+-0.02 per 1000 live births. It is worth noting that the statistics is based 1997, 2000 and 2003 data on more than 11 million births in Inpatient database (Beck, 2004. The sample size of the study comprised of 23 mothers from the USA who had children suffering from OBPI. The mother’s age ranged from 25 to 47 years while that of their children ranged from 3 months to 10 years. Of the 23 women selected for the study, 1 was single, 3 were divorced and 19 were married (Beck, 2004). In terms of ethnicity; 1 each was Hispanic, Black and Asian while 18 were Caucasian. However, 2 of the women did not reveal their ethnic background. In terms of education, 2 of the women had high school diplomas, 3 reported partial colleges, 3 had associate degrees, 7 had bachelor’s degrees, and 4 had master’s degree while 2 attained doctoral degree. However, two of the participants did not reveal their level of education (Beck, 2004). Two methods was used to colle ct data-the Internet and in-person interviews. This followed an approval from the university’s institutional review board. There was quite a long period of time for data collection starting from October 2005 to December 2007. Because of the in-person interviews, the data collection method was partly a field study since it involved the researcher going to the camp to collect data (Beck, 2004). The researcher played a vital role in ensuring validity of the data through going out to the field and having first-hand information from those families who had

Real GDP, unemployment rate Essay Example for Free

Real GDP, unemployment rate Essay Economic indicators measure and characterize the current state of economy. Unemployment rate, inflation rate, real GDP, and oil price per barrel form the general economic picture and show further directions of economic policies and tactics. â€Å"Real GDP is gross domestic product in constant dollars. In other words, real GDP is a nation’s total output of goods and services, adjusted for price changes† (Picker, 2007). Real GDP is often compared to nominal GDP which is always expressed in current dollars. In the third quarter of 2007, real GDP equaled to 11658. 9 billion of constant dollars, having increased 4. 9 percent as compared to the second quarter of 2007. Gross private domestic investment is one of the basic components of real GDP. In 2007, gross private domestic investment also increased to reach 1859. 9 billion dollars (GPO Access, 2008). The graph shows the historical fluctuations of real GDP in the United States: the beginning of 2007 was marked by the greatest real GDP decrease since 2005. The decrease of real GDP in the second half of 2006 indicates the start of economic recession in the United States. The unemployment rate is â€Å"the number of unemployed as a percent of the labor force† (Picker, 2007). In March, the U. S. economy was characterized by 5. 1% unemployment rate (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008). Normally, unemployment rates should not exceed 6 percent. Thus, unemployment rates in the U. S. are kept within the reasonable limits. However, the chart shows the slight but continuous unemployment rate increase since the beginning of 2007. These trends create a picture of recession in the American economy. Inflation rate shows the increase of prices for consumer goods and services, and is counted on a yearly basis (Picker, 2007). Inflation rates are basically measured with the help of Consumer Price Index (CPI); CPI calculates the value of consumer goods and services basket which households purchase (Picker, 2007). The chart shows the constantly increasing inflation rates in the U. S. economy. In March, the average cost of goods and services basket advanced 0. 3 percent (MERIC, 2008). These trends indicate the inability of the Federal Reserve to cope with the inflation problem. Growing inflation requires that the Fed pushes up interest rates and slows down the economy, but as the Fed decreases interest rates to regulate particular markets, it puts the economy into a deeper recession. Oil price per barrel is usually counted on the basis of the OPEC or NMEX oil basket prices. At the beginning of 2008, the barrel of oil cost $90. 7; by the end of April, the price has already crossed the mark of $116 per barrel (WTRG Economics, 2008). The chart shows significant continuous increase of oil prices. During 2007, the price of oil per barrel has nearly tripled. Inflation rates, unemployment rates, oil prices per barrel, and real GDP are the four interrelated economic indicators, which determine, at what stage of business cycle the U. S. economy stands. Business cycles impact all areas of economic development; the airline industry is not an exception. In many instances, airlines develop and act according to the basic economic laws. The state of real GDP and Consumer Price Index determine consumer capability to purchase tickets and choose convenient flights. The price of oil per barrel seriously increases airline industry costs, which the industry compensates for the account of more expensive tickets. The growing energy prices contribute into the CPI growth. The growing price of oil per barrel impacts unemployment: â€Å"on average, every time oil prices go up 10 percent, 150,000 Americans lose their jobs† (Eldad, 2007). It is stated that â€Å"the cycles of the airline market are often considered to be a response to fluctuations in the evolution of the GDP and to lie beyond the sphere of the industry’s influence† (Eldad, 2007). Unemployment does not significantly impact the airline industry. The United States has been able to keep unemployment rates at reasonable levels. Inflation rates directly impact the way the airline industry performs on the market. In general, inflation indicates the growth of all costs and expenditures within airline industry. Inflation means that energy prices grow, too. Traditionally, fuel and oil costs constituted 15 percent of the airline industry expenditures, but inflation and growing prices of oil per barrel have raised this index to 30 percent (Eldad, 2007). Due to continuous inflation growth and oil price increase, airlines annually lose up to $200 million (Eldad, 2007). These are the indicators of the economic recession. Economic recession is one of the five stages of business cycle. Since 2005, the airline industry has been experiencing serious economic losses and numerous business closures. The slight increase of real GDP in the last quarter of 2007 reveals promising trends which will hopefully help airlines cope with energy prices. The recession stage of the business cycle suggests that the U. S. economy has not yet reached the trough at the very bottom of its economic decline. This is why the airline industry should be prepared to facing even more serious economic difficulties. The current economic situation is more consistent with the classical economic conditions. The state is not involved into regulating inflation rates or oil prices per barrel. In the oil market, the state acts according to laissez-fair principles of classical economic theory, which promote free business choice and minimal state involvement into economic processes. Although the state regulates interest rates and seems to make everything possible to minimize the economic consequences of recession, its strategies are aimed at regulating particular markets and not the U. S. economy in general. The airline industry is given sufficient freedom for taking economic decisions according to the changeable economic conditions in the U. S. Conclusion The current state of real GDP, inflation rates, oil price per barrel, and unemployment rates form the picture of economic recession in the United States. The airline industry experiences significant economic losses. As the U. S. economy faces the recession stage of the business cycle, airlines should be prepared to even greater economic losses before the economy reaches the trough at the bottom of its economic decline.

Companys Resources And Competitive Position

Companys Resources And Competitive Position In Dubai, the Jumeirah groups present portfolio includes many multi-hotel complexes such as Jumeirah Bab Al Shams Desert Resort Spa, Mandinat Jumeirah, Jumeirah Beach Club Resort Spa, Jumeirah Emirates Towers and the Jumeirah Beach Hotel. At the same time, it is also negotiating to operate new resorts and hotel contracts in big cities like Shanghai, Hong Kong, Milan and Beijing. The company is operating in order to achieve its vision that to become a world class international hospitality and hotel company and also committed to being the leader of the industry in all operating activities through the process of dedication to their colleagues and customers (About Jumeirah Group). The Jumeirah group also has been a member of Dubai Holding since the duration of year 2004 under the leadership of CEO Gerald Lawless. The companys achievement can be estimated by the data that in the year of 2006, the revenues were recorded more than $1 billion (About Jumeirah Group). The project would help us to analysis a companys resources and its competitive position in the world. This will aim to get deep understanding of its current strategy and to create a strategy which would be more effective as per the current scenario. This would be helpful to gain insights about the flaws and their solutions of the company as per the current scenario and current strategy. The study would analysis strength, weakness, opportunities and threats and eventually the proposed alternative can be adopted to enhance the current situation of the company. Company Background: The Jumeirah group was founded in Dubai in the year of 1997, owned by ruling Al Maktoum family with the Gerald Lawless, with an aim of becoming a global hospitality leader. After ten years of development the company has been realized with the groups portfolio that has been regarded as among the most innovative and luxurious globally (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). The brand of the Jumeirah group can be summarized as A global brand having name synonyms of Luxury. A brand having professional team of experts and professionals having wide experience in entire aspects of hotel management that handles the functions from development phase to the daily operations. A strong distribution system with the help of more than ten sales offices in major locations of the world. A strong emphasis on an adapting approach to the owner (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). The Jumeirah branched from the strength of Dubais ruling Maktoum family in order to develop the UAE member into one of the regions as well as in the worlds top tourism destinations. In the early period of the year 1990s, Sheikh Mohammed al Maktoum commissioned a new project for the hotel which was supposed to build on land that reclaimed from the sea in the Dubai port, called the Burj Al Arab (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). However the first three year of the project were held in the land reclamation phase that lead to the launched of the construction by the year 1997. At the same time, Al Maktoum joined with the Gerald Lawless who was an Irish native had more than twenty year of work experience in the hotel industry and had fifteen year of experience as a head of the Forte hotel group in Dubai only. After join with the Lawless, Al Maktoum had begun to start others hotel projects for the wide market of Dubai such as Jumeirah Beach Hotel. In addition to the hotels and restaura nts, Maktoum developed Water Park and theme park also (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). Hallmarks: The companys vision is to become a world class luxury international hotel management company that committed to the industry leader in all the operational activities through the medium of the dedication to colleagues, customers, stake holders, owners and business partners (Jumeirah Guiding Principles Vision). The companys Hallmarks considered as the reason of their success in the past as well as guidelines for the future. The Hallmarks are seems to reflects in design of inspiration and would remain in the core of operating philosophy along with the new adopted philosophy of Stay Different. In Jumeirah culture their guiding principles plays a major role which are supposed to be consider as foundation of the business and strength of their culture (Jumeirah Guiding Principles Vision). They are: Integrity :Honesty and Sincerity Teamwork: win-win attitude and mutual support Recognition: Success are supported and recognized Innovation: Implementation of new ideas Continuous Growth: Positive Environment People Focus: Focus on individual as colleagues, business associates and customers. Stay Different : provides unique experience to the customers (Jumeirah Guiding Principles Vision) Strategic Objective: The Jumeirah group strategic objective is to fulfill their vision and mission through the commitment of resources to learning and innovation. Through the Business Management System the company is delivering benefits to the business partners, customers, colleagues, society and owners by developing mutually beneficial relationships, listening and building loyalty. In order to fulfill the companys vision, the Jumeirah strategic approach is summarized in the four key components. They are Engaging stake holders in order to understand their expectations so that they can be fulfilled or expanded and value can be added. Managing key factors of the social, environmental and economical aspects like their risk, opportunity and their impacts. Embedding responsible business practices and standards in the business daily operations and activities. Reporting back to the stakeholder about the progress and development of the company. With the implementation of the above four key strategies the company is trying to be expanding and delivering services all over the world. The company is focusing on current strategy in order to fulfill their objective. The companys current strategies inclusive of global expansion, Stay different, provide unique and different services, value to stake holders, provide luxury and comfort to the customers and implementing the process of learning and innovation (Jumeirah Guiding Principles Vision). Project Undertaken/ Completed: The following are the list of projects which are undertaken or completed under the Jumeirah group are: S. no Name Specification Location Burj Al Arab Hotel Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah Beach Hotel Hotel Dubai (Middle East) Madinath Jumeirah Three Hotels Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah Zabeel Saray Hotel buzzing bazaar Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah Creekside Hotel Hotel(opening summer in 2012) Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah Emirates Towers Hotel, Spa, Shopping boulevard, Club and Lounge Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah Living World Trade Centre Residence Residence Dubai (Middle East) Jumeirah at Etihad Towers Hotel Abu Dhabi (Middle East) Jumeirah Messilah Beach Hotel Spa (opening spring 2012) Kuwait (Middle East) Jumeirah Essex House Residence New York (America) Jumeirah Carlton Tower Spa, Club, Hotel Resort London( Europe) Jumeirah Lowndes Hotel Hotel London( Europe) Jumeirah Frankfurt Residence Germany (Europe) Jumeirah Port Soller Hotel and Spa (opening spring 2012 Mallorca Jumeirah Bilgah Beach Hotel Hotel (opening spring 2012) Europe Grosvenor House Apartments Residence London Jumeirah Grand Hotel Via Veneto Hotel Rome Jumeirah Himalayas Hotel Hotel Shangai (Asia pacific) Jumeirah Dhevanafushi Island Resort Maldives(Asia pacific) Jumeirah Vittavel Five star family deluxe resort Maldives(Asia pacific) Wild Wadi waterpark Waterpark Dubai (Middle East) Talisa Spa Middle East Academy of Excellence Education Dubai( Middle East) (Jumeirah Hotels Resorts) Analyzing Current Scenario of Hospitality Industry in the UAE: During the past decade, the UAE has witnessed with the rapid growth and changes in terms of socio-economic and demographic factors. The regions economy are not perceived as oil and gas exporter but also as major investment destinations due to growing hospitality and tourism sector as well as large scale infrastructure projects. At the same time, the expansion of the Middle East is greatly contributing in the tourism receipt in the Gulf Council Corporation countries. In current situation, the region remains an attractive destination for tourists as well as for the investors for medium to long term returns. The Jumeriah group has provided tremendous growth in the hospitality sector in Dubai and globally also. The study aims to evaluate a companys resources and its competitive position in the world. This analysis will be undertaken by the following described process: Value Chain Analysis Michael Porters five force Model SWOT Analysis Benchmarking Competitive Strength Assessment After analyzing on the above aspects, we will be able to determine competitive position in the world as well as would be able to create a strategy in terms of its position. Value Chain Analysis: The value chain approach was developed for creating and sustaining superior performance in the market. The value added concept is utilized by Jumeirah Group for sustaining competitive advantage in the arena of 21st century. The organization comprises of activities that associate together in order to enhance business value. These activities include inbound logistics, operations such as purchasing, manufacturing, financing, distribution etc. The central aim of Jumeirah Group to adopt this value chain approach is exploiting value creation with minimum possible costs (Jumeirah Group, 2008). http://bettyfeng.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/a-value-chain-analysis1.jpg Source: http://bettyfeng.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/a-value-chain-analysis1.jpg By adopting the concept of value chain analysis, Jumeirah managers identify the key activities within their group and provide potential sustainable advantages to the company. In Jumeirah Company, the value chain analysis starts with the initial stage such as inbound logistics. At this stage, planning is performed for plant scheduling, plant capacity, estimate time for fulfilling objectives. After this stage the next step is operations under which company emphasized on the quality of services, customers expectations, fulfilling orders and customer visit operations. The main theme of Jumeirah Group is to enhance and implement their core services in such a way so that can meet the customers expectations and create positive and sustainable brand image in their eyes. The company more emphasized on the development of innovative programs, current strategies and their Research and Development programs in order to support business by facilitating new openings and high quality services to their customers (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Jumeirah Group incorporates value chain for synchronizing the flow of business operations from input to the delivery of benefits given to the customers. This flow comprises of inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales operations and at the end gets feed back from customers and resolve problems if there is any (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Benchmarking: Benchmarking is the process of analyzing the internal processes of organization and then identify and adapting the practices from other organization in order to considered being best for the organization. This process comprises of five stages such as operation, identification of assess, development of several alternatives, define that alternatives and at the end implementation of that alternatives. Benchmarking is the systematic tool for identifying and implementing best possible practices in the organization so that it can enhance their operations and human assets as per the todays need. In this competitive arena for sustaining in market, it is mandatory to implement benchmarking in the organization (Jumeirah Group, 2008). http://pipdev.com/content/images/wheel/RouteDiag.png Source: http://pipdev.com/content/images/wheel/RouteDiag.png Jumeirah Group has been designed this exercise for enlighten participation of organization in order to achieve outstanding results. Jumeirah Group and other organizations such as Dubai Ports World, Hutchison Whampoa Ltd, are aimed to explore best methods and practices for enhancing Human Resource Management in the view of planning, empowering, training and recognizing human efforts. It is also aimed to identify the gaps between the adopted approaches and the enhancement of improvement plans so that can analyze the effects of adopted approach in the organization. This approach develops new ideas that acts significant role in the formation of future strategic plans (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Five Force Model and Analysis: The Michael Porters five force Model articulates the Competitive position modal which describes the industry analysis and business strategy development for evaluating the competitive strength and position of any business organization or Entity. This model used to analyze the market attractiveness of the industry and competition. Porters develop the five force model to analyze to these five forces to analyze the industrial competition (porters five forces model, 2009). Five force model of Porters- https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBUJw8XQP8kgHH1FkD03vjYrJAtHDut0d1S6NeThDr8pzJiSAA8SYL-JyLGAD1P7iNIFA29R3uv22kI5aZCjwSnhEDMfkTV8l9QHIVBULK3vFdnMV-_crB4eI9rm60t10XLL_97aUUEyI/ Threat of new competition. Threat of substitute products or services. Bargaining power of customers (buyers). Bargaining power of suppliers. Intensity of competitive rivalry. Threat of new competition: This step articulates the competition in the market, new entrants, brand equity, sunk cost, customer loyalty and industrial profitability in the market for the existing industry which can be challenging for the firm. Barriers to new entry- Customer switching cost Distribution channel Government Policies Economies of scales. 2. Threat of substitute products or services- Entry of substitute product in the market may increase the possibilities to the switching towards the new product it can be challenging for the existing product. Barriers of the substitute product or services- Substitute product price and performance over the existing product. Switching cost of buyer. Quality depreciation Product differentiation. 3. Bargaining power of buyers: Bargaining power of the buyer may be challenging factor for the existing industry or firm such as- Purchasing power of the buyer. Byers face new switching costs. Prices sensitivity of buyer. Buyers are concentrated Industrial product diversity. 4. Bargaining power of suppliers: Suppliers for any particular firm like supplies of raw material, components and labors can switch the firms due to the bargaining power scubas- Buyers is not the customer to the. Distribution channels. Supplier concentration Supplier switching cost. Supplier completion to the other firms. Intensity of competitive rivalry- Competitive rivalry can be the challenging factor for the existing firm some factors are- Different competitive strategies Promotional tools Competitive advantage to the other industries. From the Porters five force model we analyze the Jumeirah group world class portfolio of resorts and hotels (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). Threat of new competition- As we analyze the competitors of the Jumeirah Group these are the competitors of the Jumeirah Group- Hyatt Hotels Corporation Fairmont Raffles Hotels International Inc. Four seasons Holdings Inc. Jumeirah Group has the partnership with the UAE government, Dubai Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing (DTCM) in association with Tanmia (The National Human Resource Development and Employment Authority 2) Threat of substitute products or services- Jumeirah Group has a strong product and services portfolio in the luxury hospitality sector including world class hotels and resorts. In the hotels and resorts category the products of Jumeirah- Burj Al Arab Jumeirah Beach Hotels Jumeirah emirates tower Jumeirah Zabeel Sara.y Pera palace Hotel. In the services sectors- Includes of services of Jumeirah Living Jumeirah Restaurants, Wild Wadi Waterpark, Talise and The Emirates Academy of Hospitality management. Jumeirah group is offering the best services and performance over its competitors. They have brand loyalty and offering the qualitative services to its customers and Jumeirah group have different product strategies to compete with the competitors 3) Bargaining power of customers (buyers)- Jumeirah groups customers can be classified on the bases of several categories- hotel guest, clients, bulk room purchaser, customers book room for events and conferences and partner such as tour operators and airlines. Jumeirah Group has strong commitment towards its customer. Customer value feedback for the Jumeirah group is- Personalized products and services delivering high quality. Favorable impact on the community. Group offers the customer health, safety and security services. Customer privacy and information security service. Customer satisfaction result of the Jumeirah group is for the year 2008 is 81.265 which show the customer loyalty to the group over its competitors. 4) Bargaining power of suppliers- As we analyze the supplier chain of the Jumeirah group has strong corporate buying policies with its suppliers provision of high quality and good products and services. The Group follows the principles- Stability in the dealings with the suppliers Provide equal and same opportunities to the all suppliers Consistent delivery of services such as health, safety and legal aspects. Transparency in the system. Best distribution channels such as advertising for its services offering. Intensity of competitive rivalry- Jumeirah Group has the different competitive strategies over its competitors. They promote their products and services by different promotional tools such as by advertising, Sales promotion and by the different occasion. SWOT Analysis: Dubai is the fast emerging player in the worldwide along with the China and South East Asia. Dubai attracts the attention of business and corporations across the world through its infrastructural art and cosmopolitan culture. Along with the real estates and financial sectors, petroleum and tourism, it is also known for its exotic resort and hotels. Jumeirah Group is the main player in the hotel and resort industry (Jumeirah Group, 2008). This group has certain strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats which are as follows: Strength: The art of infrastructure with the surplus of international convention centers added value to the Jumeirah Group. The cosmopolitan culture in UAE gives rise to the Jumeirah Group in the hotel industry which becomes strength of this group. Crime rates are low in UAE as compared to the other nations which facilitate economic support and social support to the company. Middle East is the epicenter of trade that comprises of various standard businesses and corporations which gives hike to the hotel and resort industry. In Dubai, government has pro- active authorities that give aid to the company in order to control situations rather than just responding to it. Jumeirah Group has been linked with other nations in the world wide. Special travelling packages are the additional advantages to t he company. It offers several packages according to each living standard so that easily can be reach. Jumeirah Group is strategically placed in Dubai, which is situated between Asia and Europe while it is also closure to the Africa so there is probability that several tourists can rushed here which motivates hotel industry. This group works for the enhancement of their human resource by adopting various techniques in order to update their strategies and tools with the recent time. The Jumeirah Group diversified itself into various sectors such as academics, water parks, spa, residents etc which strengthen the company (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Weakness: In the year of 2010, Dubai is considered as the expensive city that lies at fifty five positions in the list of most costly cities. These days it is becoming extremely expensive in the terms of travelling, hospitality, hotels etc. which may affects the economy as well as businesses. In the recent time Dubai has undergone in the bubble crash of real estates because of the reason that there was a sudden drop in the investment being made in the sector and due to the lack of investments the real estate sector crashed. It affected economy and still it is on recovery mode. In the Middle East, the rate of crime is low in spite of that it had been noticed that there is an increase in sex and drug crimes and which got huge media publicity which influence the hotel industry. In Jumeirah Group, employees are working belongs to various nations that have there own culture sometimes this differences in culture affects the working of company (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Opportunities: Prospective economic development opportunities due to increase in prices of oil, this economic development leads to contribute remarkable benefits to the hospitality business. Further growth prospects in the tourism industry of UAE with 15 million foreign tourist visitors expected up to the year 2015 proves to be very helpful in the tourism business of Jumeirah group. Dubai is considered as the business and tourism hub of UAE and Middle East, it has high business growth prospects including geo political opportunities from the west and emerging authority from the east and ultimately helpful in providing good business opportunities to the Jumeriah group. Initiatives taken by UAE government towards the development of hospitality sector provides ample amount of opportunities to the Jumeirah group. Unique experience offer by the Jumeriah group in the form of ethnic heritage services pertaining to the hospitality leads to enhance the number of potential customers. UAE is the business hub of Middle East and hence various business tourists are prospective customers for the Jumeriah group. Various promotional schemes provided to the customers helps in the boosting of business of Jumeriah hotels. Enhanced brand image and brand equity for the augmented quality service deliverance to the customers helps in the further growth and expansion of the business of Jumeriah group. Jumeriah group provides a wide variety of cuisines including the Arab cuisines, Indo Thai, Chinese, Italian, Mughlai cuisines etc. to its customers which helps in increasing the profitability of the group. The augmented exteriors and interiors of the hotel in comparison to the competitors delight the customers and attract them to take the services of Jumeriah group again and again. Delivering the world class hospitality services at the affordable rate helps in increasing the number of local as well as foreign customers of the Jumeriah group (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Threats: The development of the various other cost effective and stirring competitive locations like Muscat, Kuwait City and Doha puts major barriers in the development of Jumeirah Group. Prague and Istanbul are the cities which offer effective cultural tourism along with the fabulous contemporary services at the best possible price and hence attract most of the business tourists globally. Due to political turbulence the business pertaining to the tourism and hotels affected a lot in some regions of UAE and ultimately affects the Jumeriah group in the region. Lack of proficient training and development to the human resource in the hotel industry act as a major barrier in the quality service deliverance of the group. Customer tastes and preferences and market trends pertaining to the hospitality industry changes dynamically and hence there is difficulty in the implementation of the latest trends frequently due to the limitation of cost and time. Increase in the number of guest houses act as hindrance in the development of hotel business. Various economical range hotels which provide the services at the cheapest rate are the major barriers in the developmental path of Jumeriah group (Jumeirah Group, 2008). Competitiveness of Jumeirahs Pricing Strategy: Jumeriah provides a wide range of services in the hospitality business which encompasses a wide array of activities for the customers inclusive of diving and photography. With respect to the pricing of the hospitality services, Jumeirah ensures that the prices are maintained at competitive levels in keeping with the current market standards for pricing of hospitality services. Then exact pricing of the hotels and resorts have not been disclosed by the organization but from the reports available, it can be deduced that Jumeriah has competitive pricing strategy for its services (Course Pricing). The pricing of the various courses offered by the organization are described as follows: Certification Courses AED e-Scuba Diver 1,450 e-Open Water Diver 1,850 e-Open Water Referral 1,000 e-Rescue Diver 1,850 Emergency First Response 700 Experience Programs AED Discover Scuba Diving Beach 325 Scuba Review (inc two o/w dives) 650 Scuba Review Pool Only 300 Bubble Maker (ages 8+) 275 Seal Team (ages 8+) 1,500 Master Seal Speciality Dives 275 Instructor Development Courses AED Dive master 3,000 Assistant Instructor 3,000 e-Open Water Scuba Instructor 4,000 PADI e-IDC 7,000 IDC Staff Instructor 2,500 Master Scuba Diver Trainer MSDT 2,500 Emergency First Response Instructor** 2,500 Speciality Courses AED Wreck Diver 1,400 e-Enrich Air Nitrox 700 Deep Diver 1,600 Peak Performance Buoyancy 700 Search and Recovery Diver 1,400 National Geographic Diver 1,200 Underwater Navigator 1,200 Digital Photographer 1,200 Oxygen Provider Courses 800 Night Diver 1,200 Musandam Courses AED e-Open Water Courses 2,550 e-Adventure in Diving 2,550 Source: (Course Pricing) These prices are in accordance with the industry standard for the pricing of these services which is indicative of the competitiveness of the pricing strategy of the organization. In terms of the costs incurred by the company in obtaining raw material and resources for their business units, they are able to source the requirements at competitive prices. Moreover they have undertaken efforts to minimize their operational costs by adopting green practices and this has enabled them to maintain their prices at adequate competitive levels (Course Pricing). Competitive Strength and Leverage of Jumeirah Group in comparison to its Rivals: Jumeirah is faced with adequate competition in the hospitality industry from major organizations that have provided competition on a global scale also. The main competitors of Jumeirah group are: Hyatt Hotels Corporation Fairmont Raffles Hotels International Inc. (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008) Four Seasons Holdings Inc. (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008) Jumeirah is able to manage the competition in the market adequately and this has been made possible due to the continuous adaptation of the company to the environmental changes and the incorporation of the technological advancements to provide a comprehensive set of services aimed completely at achieving consumer satisfaction. Jumeirah Group is credited with having some of the most complex and biggest projects in the hospitality industry which itself speaks about the high quality standards that the organization has assured in these facilities (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). The organization also has its projects in America, Europe and Asia Pacific. In these regions also, the company is able to successfully manage the competition by providing a wide range of consumer oriented services are competitive pricing. One of the main strategies of the organization has been to constantly upgrade themselves in terms of technical infrastructure and the aesthetic ambience in the facilities. It is this feature which has provided Jumeriah with a significant leverage even in the international hospitality market (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). The company has started pondering over the possibility of entering conservative foreign markets such as China as they have highly prospective business opportunities. Moreover their advanced technical infrastructural knowledge has enabled them to compete effectively even in new markets and their portfolio of globally acclaimed projects has enabled the creation of a strong brand image by means of which the organization is able to effectively reach out to the target consumer segments (Corporate Responsibility Report 2008). Strategic Issues and Challenges in the Achievement of Strategic Objectives: The achievement of strategic objectives is a challenging task and is easily affected by the presence of environmental cha

Premarital Sex And Promiscuity

Premarital Sex And Promiscuity This essay will be discussing the topic of promiscuity and premarital sex from both Ellistons and Punzos theories. According to Punzo on Premarital sex, it is for two people to have engaged in a sexual contact/intercourse without having the full commitment but on the other hand, promiscuity according to Elliston it is to have sex with many different people without having any commitment. When comparing both, Punzo is seen as the conservative while Elliston is seen as supporting casual sex. Punzos theory is when two people are together having sex they both must be engaged in a deep commitment between the two people. On the other hand, Elliston is arguing that sexual intercourse doesnt require any thoughts or strong consideration with any commitments since it is not that big of a deal. According to Elliston promiscuity is seen as free love, where you can just meet someone and starting to fall in love with them. With this definition, it might be easier for some to understand it, as having freedom. It can also be recognized as having recreational sex, having sex just for fun. When the word fun comes with anything, it will be seen as attractive and easy going. Elliston has created a definition himself that better defined promiscuity. Promiscuity is defined as sex with a series of other adults not directly related through marriage and with no commitments; no promises of affection, sexual exclusivity in future (Elliston 144). Elliston also stated that for those who just want to get others in bed to have sex by lying, exploiting, and deceiving or something close to it are wrong. It is seen as wrong because it breaches the ethical principles that we all learned as a child, which is not to lie. When someone is lying about everything just because they are trying to get someone in bed to have sex with them, it is seen as very unethical. Promiscuity is seen as to the advantage of males and to the disadvantage of females because it is true that males do not have anything to lose while females will lose their virginity and at times their love. It has become exploitive; woman would get social blame but man would get sexual satisfaction. Promiscuity is not actually wrong but it is the double standard that is in places where woman is at a disadvantage in comparison to man. Promiscuity can not be defined as wrong all the time; the charges that it necessarily violates generally accepted a moral principle is false. (El liston 146). Elliston is saying that the double standard that should be remove but not the promiscuity, since it is always seen as a disadvantage for woman. The female involved might not feel the same as to being cheated or being used for the man to have their sexual satisfaction but it might be the woman who is using the man to satisfy herself. Sex is just a body language in the form of body interaction between the two people that are willing to interact and it leads to pleasure. It also has a deep meaning behind it. According o Elliston, sex is more than thrusts and moans, caresses and sighsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦just as verbal language has a dimension of meaning beyond phonemes and morphemes, so body language has a significance beyond the intertwining of two bodiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Promiscuity has instrumental value in that it can facilitate the mastery of one kind of body languageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦sexual body language is learned through sexual interactionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦experiences enable an individual to develop a repertoire of gestures for communicating desire and affection and of decisive movements that clearly state intentions of love or amusement. People can be moved not only by the things we say but also by the things we do-with them, for them, or to themà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦desire and satisfaction can be communicated not only through verbal exchanges, but also through a lingering look and an appreciative caress. To a shattered ego a physical embrace may express far more reassurance than its verbal counterparts, and a kiss may convey desire more eloquently than pleas or poemsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The observance of this etiquette is an acknowledgement of the selfhood of the other. The acquisition of it is one of the opportunities promiscuity provides(Elliston 149). Based on this quote, Elliston is saying sex is a part of body language and the more you practice it the better you will get. The skills that you get from promiscuity will wider range of people outside of marriage or committed-relationships. Usually a married couple would be seen as only one man is allow to have dinner with one woman, which is referring to only having sex with the partner and that is it, third party is not acceptable (traditionally). Elliston sees having sex with one person at first before you decide to love that person or not. Pretty much he i s saying having sex first will be a pre-stage of trying out whether the persons sexual skill or chemistry from sexual intercourse will help you decide to love this person or not. Therefore Elliston is arguing that promiscuity should be allow and should not be seen as wrong because it is something for the two to try out and see if the chemistry is there. In Punzos view, sex before marriage or even having sex with no commitment is seen as wrong. Punzo has answered the question of is having pre-martial sex without any commitment wrong, with using Wilsons theory of sexual intercourse to compare it with playing tennis and Chessers theory of two people going to see movies together. Both Wilson and Chesser see it normal and there is nothing morally wrong about having pre-marital sex. At the same time, Punzo has disagreed with both of them stating that going to the movies or playing tennis with many people are just some general activities which anyone can encounter, but it does not necessary have to be the one you would have sex with, or have any sexual interest with. In Punzos view, sexual intercourse must be between two committed people, so having sex without any sort of commitment is wrong. Punzo states that commitment is a must before sex, as one must agree to commit to a relationship before they can move on to a new level in their rela tionship, through having sex, the two gives themselves to each other in the way of trust, expressing ones mind, and feelings through the most intimate activity, sexual intercourse. Punzo see Ellistons argument between sex and dinning is a wrong example because dinning and sex are two different things, it is in an extreme that it has nothing to do with each other, dinning and sex has no connection at all. Dinning can be with any friends, or family members, and it does not involve any sexual contacts. Yes, dining can be with your spouse, partner but it can also be with someone else. Both eating and sex do give people satisfaction, but they are totally different from each other. Food is a need for people to survive but people can live with out sex. Ellistons theory is to have sexual intercourse with as many people as you can before falling in love, but Punzos theory is to be in love or have the necessary commitment before having sexual intercourse. The moral perspectives of both are totally different from each other. This is why Punzo would not agree with Elliston and vice versa. Ellistons argument has a defect to it, it is having sex with a number of people does not only increase the skills of ones sexual ability, but it also limits the important value of having the most intimate relationship with the other through sexual intercourse. I believe we all know that having sex with the one we love is the most loving and special feeling of being complete as a whole. If one is engaged in a sexual activity with many other people and then stated that the one is now in love with their partner is not a rational theory, but it is also very confusing and unreasonable that promiscuity does not damage a committed relationship. Having sex without any commitment, and isolate oneself with uncommitted sex is a view that may not be true. They can have sex without any commitment but they might realize more about themselves. It doesnt mean they are isolating themselves just because they do not involve in a committed relationship. Punzos full commitment does not have a clear defin ition, does it mean to be in a legal marriage with legal documents, and so if the two are just common-law couple then does that mean they are not legal? Punzo should have clear that term and have a better explanation of it. With the mutual understanding and respects towards each other with pre-martial sex, it is not going to affect the two negatively. It would not be harm if pre-martial sex will lead the two into commitment and onto future commitment, it would become a good thing. If pre-martial sex is happening then protection is needed to prevent any unexpected or unwanted pregnancy. In conclusion, both Punzo and Elliston has their pros and cons. Premarital sex should follow Punzos theory of sex, and they must involve commitment, but not with full commitment. Punzo did not clarify what full commitment means, if it meant at the stage of being legally married, then those who are only engaged or soon to be marry couples should not be having any sexual interactions. Also promiscuity must be permitted only if no one is being hurt and lie to as a result of promiscuity. It is true that Ellistons argument of double standard needs to be remove because it is only seen as woman being the one that are at a disadvantage, but sometimes it is not the case, woman would be out to lie to man just to get money or any material that need from the man. Therefore double standard should be remove but not promiscuity. Also promiscuity is a good way to practice ones sexual skills and ability in the bed, it is true to the term practice makes prefect, it would suit this practice of promiscu ity closely.

Essay --

In April 2003 the Minnesota Senate passed the Minnesota Personal Protection Act (MPPA). This made Minnesota a "shall issue" state where a properly trained, law abiding adult could apply and receive a permit to carry a firearm. States that allow citizens to carry have less violent crimes then those that don’t allow permits. A permit to carry is another prevention method that allows you to be prepared for emergencies. The MPPA sets out guidelines to insure that not just anyone can receive their permit to carry. Carrying a gun is a big responsibility and it shouldn’t be taken lightly. However I believe the MPPA was the right choice for Minnesotans. When Minnesota became a â€Å"right to carry† state many anti- MPPA supporters claimed that by passing the MPPA that it would lead to blood in the streets. Today there are 40 â€Å"right to carry† states with about 6 million permit holders in the US. In Minnesota there are over 160,000 people with a permit to carry. The FBI’s crime reports shows that violent crimes are 26% higher in states that do not allow permits to carry. There is 2.5 million death...

Essay --

The article grants the macroeconomic indicators influences on profitability of firm’s earnings on KSE 100 index (construction and material).the macroeconomic indicators include FDI, INTEREST RATE, EXPORT, and IMPORT. In this study we are taking 19 companies regarding construction and materials listed in KSE 100 index. To check the effect of Profitability on firms earnings through EBIT, ROE, ROA. Fertility in construction and material sector market plays a vital role in the economy of Pakistan, thus profitability is important for responsive construction and materials sector in KSE 100 index. According to a paper done, whose intension to find out the effect of macroeconomic gages on small and medium enterprises effectiveness which indicates that In contemporary years, Lithuania applies considerable interest to SME’S productivity, but investigation associated to the valuation of complicated macro aspects and their impact on the concluding performance of Small and Medium Enterprises is not satisfactory. (Bekeris, 2012) It has been observed that FDI has positive impression on firms out...

Comparing Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek Essa

Ethnic Identity of Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek  Ã‚      The novels The House on Mango Street (Cisneros 1984) and Woman Hollering Creek (Cisneros 1992) relate the new American through the eyes of Cisneros. The women in both novels are caught in the middle of their ethnic identity and their American identity, thus creating the "New American." Cisneros moved between Mexico and the United States often while growing up, thus making her feel "homeless and displaced" (Jones and Jorgenson 109). The House on Mango Street characterizes a community of girls and women restricted in their movements within the barrio. The roles of these girls and women are translated through the eyes of a child. When women in the barrio are confined, they can become a victim of abuse due to male domination. Women are confined to interior spaces in addition to their domestic roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. They live inside the barrio, but desire to escape and live outside the barrio. In addition, women can escape their restricted lifestyle by receiving an education. Esperanza, the child narrator is the only one who escapes this ethnic lifestyle (Mullen 6). In The House on Mango Street, the vignette "My Name," Esperanza was named after her great grandmother, desires a life outside her interior walls of the barrio. Esperanza’s name means hope in English, while it means sadness and waiting in Spanish. Her great grandmother was wild as a young lady, but was tamed by her Mexican husband. Cisneros states, "She looked out her window her whole life, the way so many women sit with sadness on an elbow . . . I have inherited her name, but I don’t want to inherit her place by the window" (11). Esperanza is proud of her namesake... ...il 1991. 22 Oct. 2000 False&origSearch=true&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Mullen, Harryette. "A Silence Between Us Like a Language: The Untranslatability of Experience in Sandra Cisneros’s Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Summer, 1996. 22 Oct. 2000 Galenet.com/servlet/GLD/hit?c=1&secondary=false&orig SearchTrue&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Olivares, Julian. "Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street and the Poetics of Space." Gale Literary Databases 1998. 14 Oct. 2000 <> Servlet/GLD/hits?c=6&secondary=false&origSearch=true& u=CA&†¦=>. "Sandra Cisneros." Contemporary Artists. Vol. 64. 1998. Wyatt, Jean. "On Not Being La Malinche: Border Negotiations of Gender in Sandra Cisneros’s Never Marry A Mexican and Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Fall 1995. 22 Oct. 2000 .    Comparing Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek Essa Ethnic Identity of Women in House on Mango Street and Woman Hollering Creek  Ã‚      The novels The House on Mango Street (Cisneros 1984) and Woman Hollering Creek (Cisneros 1992) relate the new American through the eyes of Cisneros. The women in both novels are caught in the middle of their ethnic identity and their American identity, thus creating the "New American." Cisneros moved between Mexico and the United States often while growing up, thus making her feel "homeless and displaced" (Jones and Jorgenson 109). The House on Mango Street characterizes a community of girls and women restricted in their movements within the barrio. The roles of these girls and women are translated through the eyes of a child. When women in the barrio are confined, they can become a victim of abuse due to male domination. Women are confined to interior spaces in addition to their domestic roles as daughters, wives, and mothers. They live inside the barrio, but desire to escape and live outside the barrio. In addition, women can escape their restricted lifestyle by receiving an education. Esperanza, the child narrator is the only one who escapes this ethnic lifestyle (Mullen 6). In The House on Mango Street, the vignette "My Name," Esperanza was named after her great grandmother, desires a life outside her interior walls of the barrio. Esperanza’s name means hope in English, while it means sadness and waiting in Spanish. Her great grandmother was wild as a young lady, but was tamed by her Mexican husband. Cisneros states, "She looked out her window her whole life, the way so many women sit with sadness on an elbow . . . I have inherited her name, but I don’t want to inherit her place by the window" (11). Esperanza is proud of her namesake... ...il 1991. 22 Oct. 2000 False&origSearch=true&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Mullen, Harryette. "A Silence Between Us Like a Language: The Untranslatability of Experience in Sandra Cisneros’s Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Summer, 1996. 22 Oct. 2000 Galenet.com/servlet/GLD/hit?c=1&secondary=false&orig SearchTrue&u=CA&u+CLC&u=DLB>. Olivares, Julian. "Sandra Cisneros’ The House on Mango Street and the Poetics of Space." Gale Literary Databases 1998. 14 Oct. 2000 <> Servlet/GLD/hits?c=6&secondary=false&origSearch=true& u=CA&†¦=>. "Sandra Cisneros." Contemporary Artists. Vol. 64. 1998. Wyatt, Jean. "On Not Being La Malinche: Border Negotiations of Gender in Sandra Cisneros’s Never Marry A Mexican and Woman Hollering Creek." Gale Literary Databases Fall 1995. 22 Oct. 2000 .   

Fotajek

The organizational and financial structure of the Fojtasek companies had been in flux since the spring of 1994. By March 1995, three different financial transactions have been proposed to streamline and restructure the firm: an outright acquisition, a leveraged recapitalization, and a hybrid transaction called â€Å"Private IPO. † Heritage Partners is interested in taking a stake in the Fojtasek Companies by proposing aâ€Å"Private IPO† transaction.The paper will analyze the health of the Fojtasek companies and the economic benefits gained from Heritage Partners’ proposal. Through careful calculations, one would recommend the proposed transactions to take place between Heritage and the Fojtasek family. Founded in 1986, Heritage Partners has developed a business expertise in family companies. Their value-added can be seen in the General Partners, all of whom had successful track records in Private Equity.Of the three elements that distinguish them, the most impor tant is their development of the â€Å"Private IPO† structure. This financial strategy enables majority holding while reducing estate taxation for the founder and management. For the Fojtasek family, they had been seeking potential buyers to restructure their company. Unlike its other product and distribution channel, business in the Baloleum Division has been declining. Additionally, the founder Joe Fojtasek has decided to step down at the age of 73 and hand over his role to his sons.Thus, Fojtasek companies decided to take advantage of the opportunity to radically streamline its structure for future growth—buyout, leveraged recapitalization, or â€Å"Private IPO. † There are two common disadvantages with leveraged buyouts and recapitalizations: a higher credit and default risk that comes with having a high leverage, and a possible loss of majority control that can lead to conflicts of interest. From both Fojtasek’s and Heritage’s perspective, it would be optimal to have a hybrid transaction that would lower debt levels while retaining family control of operation.From Heritage’s perspective, the exchange of securities under a â€Å"Private IPO,† instead of a large cash payout, would not only leave out ambiguities concerning tax obligations but also make financing for the transaction feasible. Moral hazard of family members is essentially reduced as their equity is being tied to the firm. From Fostasek’s perspective, the ability to retain family control of the company makes certain that some or all of management would not be replaced. In this sense, the â€Å"Private IPO† transaction does address the information gap, making this hybrid strategy an optimal strategy in this context.

The Kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh JR

No affaire how you choose to have words your churlren, atomic number 53 topic is the same for every parent- the immediate backb iodine of panic you feel when you cant comment your galvanising shaver.Whether a relative has scooped your newborn up for a cuddle, or your toddler is hiding in a nearby clothing rack, or your punctual teen is 30 proceedings late for curfew, the wave of panic is the same. Fortunately, so is the instant relief when we see their face. So ofttimes so, we al around feel dotty for level off letting our minds go at that place. unluckily that isnt al elbow rooms the fictional character. For aviator Charles Lindbergh and wife, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, on 01 work on 1932 that panic would daily round to terror and whence(prenominal) heartbreak.THE FAMEAt 30 long time old, Charles Lindbergh had do instead the lifetime for himself. His solo flight across the atlantic (from overbold York to Paris) He set down in Paris to a jocund crowd of over 150,000 spectators, and re glowering home to millions who sullen out for a ticker videotape parade in America. His fame was world either-inclusive as he received commendations from Presidents, Kings and Dictators. (The memorial of crime) In the ii- year period pas cadence Lindberghs flight, the U.S. Copyright Office recorded tercet hundred applications on Lindbergh songs.He marry his love, Anne Morrow, and together had a son, Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr. He was a beautiful teentsy male child with blue eyes and blonde permed locks. He may have been the apple of his parents eye al sensation had won the warmheartedness of the people as well-and the press knew it. They followed the puppyish family everywhere.even the a invokee staff change in on the fame by heavy(p) tours of their main residence in Hopewell, hot island of Jersey, U.S which, in hindsight, may have given(p) the abductor muscles the advant time of k at a timeing where the child slept.THE KIDNAPPIN GOn 1 March 1932, Anne Lindbergh make a ordinate out second decision against taking a toddler with the sniffles into the cold and rainy darkness air to travel to her parents house. She had the nurse urinate young Lindbergh upstairs to bed at 8pm.The nurse, Betty Gow, rubbed medicine on his chest, changed him into a star piece sleeping suit and put him down to sleep around 830 pm ( conped) Following Lindberghs orders, she unopen the door allowing the child to self pacify for no less than 2 hours in the first place checking on him.Though Anne was in a bath and Charles was in his study, both hear a noise around 930 but dismissed it as existence made by one of their staff. An hour later, upon checking on young Lindbergh, draw Gow current them the child was gone. They have stolen our featherbed was Lindberghs immediate response. (kidnapped) A seal enveloped pay off preeminence was on the open wheelow sill.THE INVESTIGATIONAs police began arriving shortly in the first pl ace midnight they had little to go on. Although H. Norman Schwarzkopf (father of Persian disjunction War manageer Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf) of the revolutionary Jersey State constabulary was nominally the lead investigator in the fount, rule of m whatever of the details was ceded to Lindbergh. (encyclopedia britannica) A command sum of money was formed in Lindberghs 3 car garage.Despite the command center Police failed to secure the crime context and kept no record of who was in the home at the time of the kidnap nor of who came and went from the home subsequentlywards. Poor lighting and bragging(a) weather limited their look outside. They started at bottom the home, mainly, the nursery. The save note demanded specific amounts of certain(p) denominations and seemed to be written by soulfulness who spoke english as a second language and was uneducated.The room was dusted for prints just now to discover none would be establish, anyplace -not even nurse Gows.(Annals of crime) It appeared to have been wiped clean, well and completely. It wasnt long before the press got wind of the story and began arriving. They each set up their own command centers and started doing their own investigating, travel around the house in search of clues and entering and exiting the home questioning staff.The death morning, no determinees saw anyone hap or go on the main route in front of the home. Investigators did manage to find a broken homemade separate several yards from the house. It is un take a crap whether it was ignorance or ugly training was to blame as to wherefore so few crime chance photos were stricklen and those that were, were neither to scale nor taken before the take the stand was leand. As for the ladder, which was considered the most bedamn piece of record, (mike ray) was photographed after organism broken down into 3 pieces. afterward a photo was taken of a different ladder of ex moment extremum up against the home to show a l adder of that length would reach the childs window. fingerprint experts represent 400 touch offial prints, but be beget they were all fragmentary, they had no value in identifying anyone. (annals of crime)Lack of evidence only federal official speculation that some powerful felon organization or foreign political relation had taken the young child (annals of crime) Even though President Hoover had vowed to move Heaven and Earth to find the child (annals of crime) and J. Edgar Hoover-no relation- decided to expand the FBI into a guinea pig police agency, Lindbergh chose not to cooperate with FBI agents. He first went to William Donovan (who would later division the OSS.) because he sought out incensed characters who claimed to have at a lower place(a)world connections. He then went to the netherworlds elite that he could find=the ones in prison. Al Capone offered his assistance, upon his release, which was immediately denied. Without consulting investigators he then gave co pies of the interchange note to all activateies contacted in an attempt to find out who wrote it. The indignant characters showed their shadiness by immediately sell their copies to the press.With the press competing in their print wars they ran with their lead, print the note. Suddenly, ransom notes claiming to be the kidnappers started to appear. Some raise the ransom and some included items give care a thumb guard, which the baby (along with 1000s of otherwise babies) had on when abducted, so was assumed to be his (but could not be proven to be young Lindberghs.)The third ransom note was received by Colonel Lindberghs attorney on March 8, informing that an intermediary nominate by the Lindberghs would not be sure and requesting a note in a newspaper. On the same date, Dr. canful F. Condon, Bronx, New York City, a retired school principal, published in the Bronx Home News an offer to act as go-between and to pay an spare $1,000 ransom.The following day the fourth ransom note was received by Dr. Condon, which indicated he would be acceptable as a go-between. This was approved by Colonel Lindbergh (fbi 2010) In total, 12 ransom notes were received from the kidnappers. None were effectuate in the same place and the individual contacted as to their whereabouts changed each time as well.After the 12th note,which reduced the ransom to the original asking price of $50,000, Dr Condon began negotiating through the newspapers on when and where to meet. On April 2 1932 Dr Condon with Lindbergh not far in a park car, met with toilet at St Raymonds Cemetary in the Bronx to qualify the ransom for the childs whereabouts. Because Lindbergh wanted the focus on child recovery and not kidnapper apprehension, the police were not told about the exchange,however the edge did record the serial numbers from the 10,000 in cash and 40,000 in specie certificates.John gave them the 13th and last note stating the child could be found on a ship called The Nelly in Mart has Vineyard under the care of 2 innocent women under the impression they were babysitting. Instead of following John they contacted police who inform local political science and Lindbergh took to the air to find the ship. Despite all efforts, the ship could not be found. by and by they would find it didnt even exist. Lindbergh conceded he had gained vigor by paying the ransom.THE DISCOVERYOn may 12, 1932, the eubstance of the kidnapped baby was accidentally found, partly buried, and mischievously decomposed, about four and a half(a) miles southeast of the Lindbergh home, 45 feet from the highway, near approach Rose, New Jersey, in Mercer County. The discovery was made by William Allen, an assistant on a truck driven by Orville Wilson. The head was crushed, there was a hole in the skull and some of the body members were missing.The body was positively identified by Lindbergh who, and after cause of death was determined, ordered its immediate cremation in Trenton, New Jersey, on May 13, 1932. The Coroners scrutiny showed that the child had been dead for about two months and that death was caused by a roam on the head. (FBI 2010)Now a murder investigation, the pectus (who was acting merely in an addition capacity, since there was no federal jurisdiction.) was now in charge.The President directed that all governmental investigative agencies should place themselves at the disposal of the state of New Jersey and that the FBI should serve as a clearinghouse and organize agency for all investigations in this case conducted by federal investigative units.On May 23, 1932, the FBI in New York City informed hopes in greater New York that the potency was the coordinating agency for all governmental activity in the case.A close watch for ransom money was requested. A tract containing serial numbers was created. Copies of this pamphlet was given to each employee handling bullion in banks, clearinghouses, grocery stores in certain selected communities, insurance companies, gasoline filling stations, airports, surgical incision stores, post offices, and telegraph companies.(fbi 2010)As time went on, the money and certificates popped up along the eastern seaboard, but police had no way to analyze the bills recovered. Just as the case turned cold, On May 1st, 1933 there was an executive order released for any individuals in possession of any metallic certificates to turn them into a bank for money if you were to be found in possession of the gold certificates after this date you were held criminally liable and could be punished via a bonny of $10,000 or up to ten years in prison.Prior to this deadline, $2990 in gold certificates matching the serial number were turned into a local bank, but the bank associates were busy due to the deadline and did not peak the serial numbers until after the individuals leftfield(p) the bank. What seemed to be a fruitless elbow grease finally bore its first significant fruit in Sept 1934.16 certificat es had popped up in New York. A suspicious gas station attendant had wrote the licence plate number of a man who had used the certificate to bribe gas on the certificate itself. in short after the bank teller informed the FBI. The license plate belonged to a German immigrant carpenter named Bruno Richard Hauptmann. He was married and had a son close in age to young Lindbergh had he been alive.TRIAL AND EXECUTIONWhen police arrested Hauptmann on Sept 19 1934 he had a $20 certificate on his person. Police claimed to have found legion(predicate) pieces of evidence in Hauptmanns home. Over $13,000 in certificates were found in his garage. An apparent sketch of a collapsible ladder similar to the one used in the puss was found. Jim Condons shout out number and address was found written on a closet groyne in the house (history.com) whether this handwriting matched Hauptmanns or the ransom notes is un cognise.Hauptmann did admit to police that he wrote the information down himself, bu t this was after hours of interrogation and at least one severe beating (FBI, 2010). Some questioned why he would still have these items 2 years after the kidnapping.The most damning evidence was found in the attic. Investigators detect a beem missing from his rafters.The piece that would come to be known as cart track 16 was found to be part of the homemade ladder found by the Lindberghs home and became a large part of the prosecutions case. Wood expert Arthur Koehler was one of 8 experts who testified for the prosecution. He matched Rail 16 of the kidnap ladder with the flooring from the attic.The four on an irregular basis spaced extra nail holes in Rail 16 matched up dead with the holes in the attic floor joists. prosecutor Wilentz broke up their dry recommendation by bringing on a statuesque beauty, Hildegarde horse parsley, described as a blonde pajama model, who testified that she saw Hauptmann staring at Dr. Condon in a telegraph office. Alexander was one of many eyewitne sses for both sides whose proof seemed contrived. (crime mag)This included an 87-year-old Hopewell man, testifying for the prosecution, claimed that Hauptmann drove by his house the morning of the kidnapping. That is, he remembered the face of a stranger in a car, before he had any reason to take notice of him, and could pick him out in the courtroom three years later. barely after the trial, the defense learned that this witness was legally blind and had been so at the time of the sighting.This couldve been known if the defense had challenged his visual perception as expected of an 87 year old witness. Even Lindberghs claim that he recognized Hauptmanns voice as being the same voice that said Hey, Doc, at the cemetery 2 years prior seems far-fetched. But he was the Lone Eagle. As the prosecutor told the jury, And Lindy remembered that voice. And who is to say he didnt? Are you going to substitute your thinker for his?. (crime mag)VERDICT AND SENTENCINGOn Feb. 13, 1935, after 1 1 hours of deliberation, the jury returned a guilty verdict. Hauptmann was sentenced to death. A series of appeals, at long last reaching the Supreme Court in December 1935, were unsuccessful, and a clemency bid was rejected on March 30, 1936. heroic to bring others to justice but racecourse out of time, the prosecution offered Hauptmann a deal- your life for your confession and accomplices. A newspaper offered $90,000 to Hauptmanns wife and child to accept the deal. (Fleming, 2010)Hauptmann, denying until the end any involvement in the crime, told them he had no names to give. On April 3, 1936, 19 months after the verdict, he was executed by electric chair. Soon after the United States carnal knowledge adopted a federal kidnapping statuteknown as the federal Kidnapping Act 18 U.S.C. 1201(a)(1) (popularly known as the Lindbergh Law, or Little Lindbergh Law) august the death penalty for transporting a kidnapped victim across a state line.(history.com)CONCLUSIONThis day, many f orensic scientists and police investigators are under the belief that Bruno Richard Hauptmann was innocent and that he deteriorate victim to police and their need for check a case. There was too much circumstantial evidence and police made too many mistakes crime scenes were contaminated, evidence lacked and was not always connected. (fORENSIC FILES)Lindberghs dominating see of the investigation raises even more questions. Sadly, Lindberghs fame was greater than Hauptmanns innocence. A point made clear by the jury, who so quickly found him guilty beyond reasonable doubt, even though so much was left unclear or unknown.